Examinations of women
Interview before the first examination
Before your first examinations, that is, the gynecological examination and the ultrasound, which we carry out depending on the phase of your menstrual cycle, we will talk to you to learn some basic information about your general gynecological health.
We will ask you about your age.
We ask you about your first period and your menstrual cycle (date of your last period, how many days you have your period and how strong it is).
Then we will continue by asking you about your lifestyle, overall fitness, height and weight, as well as any bad habits you might have (smoking, etc.).
We will also ask you about any miscarriages or births you may have had.
Furthermore, it is important for us to learn about your general health condition and to be informed about any chronic diseases you may have, so that we can help you ensure and maintain good gynecological health.
Finally, we will ask you about the period of unprotected sexual intercourses.
The reason for us collecting all this information is to be able to provide you with the optimal treatment.
Basic gynecological examination of a woman
The basic examination of a woman includes a gynecological examination and both 2D and 3D transvaginal ultrasound of the uterus depending on the phase of the menstrual cycle. Using ultrasound, the anatomy of the uterus and ovaries can be examined. We would normally not see the fallopian tubes unless they contain fluid.
Hormone testing
A hormone blood test of a woman is most often done between the 2nd and 4th day of the menstrual cycle.
It gives us information about:
- the functioning of the ovaries;
- their ability to produce mature eggs; and
- the possible responses to stimulation.
We examine:
- levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH);
- levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), which regulates the ovarian reserve;
- prolactin (PRL) levels;
- thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels.
We also recommend checking vitamin D levels.
Assessment of Fallopian tube patency
The patency of the fallopian tubes test shows if your fallopian tubes are patent or obstructed. The examination can be performed using ultrasound (Sono HSG, HyCoSy) or X-ray (X-ray HSG). The advantage of the ultrasound method is that the woman is not exposed to X-rays and that it uses a contrast that is safe for the embryos. This means that a woman is free to try to conceive even during a cycle during which the ultrasound method is being used. This procedure is carried out as an outpatient clinic.
Hysteroscopy and laparoscopy
Both hysteroscopy and laparoscopy are surgical methods of diagnosing and treating sterility. A hysteroscopy involves a close examination of the uterine cavity, and a laparoscopy enables a close examination of the uterus, the ovaries and the fallopian tubes from the abdominal cavity.
The purpose of hysteroscopy:
- It is used to detect and treat changes in the uterine cavity (such as polyps, myomas, fibroids, obstructions and other developmental abnormalities of the uterus);
- It can be performed either in an outpatient setting without anesthesia or using general anesthesia in a hospital.
Main reasons for laparoscopy: - To diagnose and treat endometriosis;
- To diagnose and treat fallopian tube conditions;
- To diagnose fibroid growths after the inflammation in the pelvic cavity;
- To remove uterine myomas and to treat other pathological conditions.
Genetic tests for women
A genetic test is often recommended in cases of:
- Recurrent miscarriages;
- Repeated failures to successfully implant high-quality embryos using assisted reproductive technology (ART).
Women's immune status check
Immune function screening is often recommended in cases of:
- Recurrent miscarriages;
- Repeated failures to successfully implant high-quality embryos using assisted reproductive technology (ART).
Age and egg suppy
Women are born with a finite number of fertilizable egg cells. The supply of egg cells reduces significantly over the years.
